• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Internal combustion engine reformer system with an internal combustion engine (30) of a mixing device (28) with a first supply line (11) for a first material flow and a second supply line (12) for a second material flow, wherein in the mixing device (28) a mixture of the first and a second stream, a reformer (3) for reforming the mixture to a synthesis gas, one of the mixing means (28) and the reformer (3) connected mixture line (29) and one with the reformer (3) and the internal combustion engine (30 ) are arranged in the synthesis gas supply line (6) a first heat exchanger (13) in heat coupling with the first supply line (11) and a second heat exchanger (14) in heat coupling with the second supply line (12).
    公开号:AT513052A4
    申请号:T1145/2012
    申请日:2012-10-24
    公开日:2014-01-15
    发明作者:Friedrich Gruber；Guenther Wall；Michael Url
    申请人:Ge Jenbacher Gmbh & Co Og；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    1
    The present invention relates to an internal combustion engine reformer system having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
    Generic internal combustion engine reformer systems are known for example from US 6,508,209 B1 or WO 2008/150370 A1. The inventions disclosed there use the principle described below.
    In a reformer, a synthesis gas is produced from fuel, air and possibly water vapor and / or part of the exhaust gas flow of an internal combustion engine. This is then fed together with air and optionally further fuel to the engine. This results in two advantages. On the one hand, undesirable gases / emissions, such as nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons, are reduced in the engine exhaust gas. On the other hand, the synthesis gas is hydrogen-containing, which improves the burning behavior and the efficiency.
    Since, on the one hand, the stream of material directed into the reformer must be preheated and, on the other hand, the synthesis gas must be cooled before it enters the internal combustion engine, a heat exchanger between these two streams is advantageous.
    The problem here is that the preheating temperature for the pointing in the reformer flow can not be chosen arbitrarily high, since this mixture is indeed flammable and therefore high surface temperatures represent a security risk. Furthermore, if the temperatures are too high, there is the risk of coking of the fuel, ie an undesired thermal decomposition of the hydrocarbons contained therein.
    The object of the invention is thus to increase the safety of such a system and to control the coking tendency of the fuel. Furthermore, through the more efficient use of the available energy flows, the energy efficiency of the entire system should be increased.
    This object is achieved by an internal combustion engine reformer Aniage with the features of claim 1.
    This is done by the fuel possibly together with water vapor and the air optionally together with the exhaust gas are preheated separately by two heat exchangers. This firstly increases the safety of the system, since the amount of flammable gas in the system is kept low. Secondly, lower preheating temperatures than for the air mixture can be selected for the fuel mixture, which counteracts the coking tendency of the fuel and increases the energy efficiency over the possible high temperatures in the preheating of the air-exhaust mixture.
    Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in the dependent claims.
    In the sense of a lower preheating temperature for the fuel, it may be provided to arrange the corresponding heat exchanger in series behind the heat exchanger.
    For the same purpose it can be provided that the one heat exchanger which is in heat coupling with a fuel-containing material flow, is bypassed by a bypass line, whereby less hot synthesis gas enters the heat exchanger.
    Furthermore, it can be provided to increase the heat transfer in the first heat exchanger via the supply of steam from the steam supply line into the exhaust gas-air stream, whereby the temperature of the synthesis gas can be lowered when entering the second heat exchanger.
    Furthermore, the thermodynamic equilibrium can be favorably changed by the admixture of steam to the propellant gas prior to entry into the second heat exchanger, or the wall or surface temperature can be kept below a certain value by constructive measures in the heat exchanger design.
    If, in spite of the two heat exchangers, the synthesis gas would have an excessively high temperature when it enters the internal combustion engine, synthesis gas cooling may be arranged in the synthesis gas supply line. This cooling can be designed as two series-connected cooling elements. This has the advantage that the waste heat of the cooling elements can be used to heat various other streams in the internal combustion engine reformer system.
    In order to guarantee optimal conditions when supplying the synthesis gas to the engine, the temperature of the synthesis gas should be 30 to 400 C when entering the internal combustion engine. In order to increase the energy efficiency of the entire system, the heat transfer of the first heat exchanger of the synthesis gas cooling on a heat transfer medium (such as heating water) at a temperature level of 70 ° C to 90 ° C take place.
    It is preferably provided that the synthesis gas cooling is connected in series behind the heat exchangers in order to achieve high preheating temperatures for the material flows intended for the reformer. It can also be provided that one or both of the cooling units comprise a condensation separator and / or a droplet separator for separating off water, in particular when water vapor is supplied to the reformer. By cooling the synthesis gas to a dew point temperature of about 30 ° C in the second heat exchanger of the synthesis gas cooling and subsequent heating of the synthesis gas to about 40 0 C by means of a heating element, the relative humidity of the synthesis gas can be lowered to a level permissible for engine operation level. The heating element can be designed, for example, as a heat exchanger in heat coupling with the heat flow which is withdrawn from the synthesis gas by the first cooling element of the synthesis gas cooling.
    In order to achieve a mixture of air and exhaust gas in the first stream, it can be provided that in the first supply line in series in front of the first heat exchanger, a further mixing device is connected, which is connected to an air supply line and an exhaust gas supply line.
    In order to achieve a mixture of fuel and steam in the second stream, it may be provided that in the second feed line in series before the second
    72419 32 / fr heat exchanger another mixing device is connected, which is connected to a fuel supply line and a steam supply line. By this admixture of steam to the propellant gas before entering the second heat exchanger, the thermodynamic equilibrium can be favorably changed or can be maintained by design measures in the heat exchanger design, the wall or surface temperature below a certain value.
    In the sense of a thermally efficient construction of an internal combustion engine reformer system, a water supply and connected to the water supply and the steam supply evaporator may be provided, wherein preferably the heat required for the evaporation of water via a partial flow of the exhaust gas of the engine or via use of Heat from the synthesis gas can be supplied.
    In order to achieve a constant temperature in a leading to a further mixing means fuel supply, a preheating element may be provided for preheating the fuel. This preheating element can be designed in various ways. For example, it may be formed as a heat exchanger in thermal coupling with the first cooling element of the synthesis gas cooling. When the internal combustion engine has a Kühlkreislaufieitung for circulation of a cooling liquid, the preheating element may be formed in the fuel supply line as a heat exchanger in thermal communication with the cooling circuit line. In addition, the preheating element may be formed in the fuel supply line as a heat exchanger in thermal coupling with the synthesis gas supply line. The embodiments of the preheating element described here as a heat exchanger are useful for the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine reformer system. For a particularly simple regulation or control of the system can in the air supply line and / or in the fuel supply line and / or in the synthesis gas line and / or in the exhaust pipe and / or in the steam supply line and / or in the first supply line and / or in the second Supply line to be arranged at least one flow control valve. * «• · 1 ·« ·· * * · · * * «·· 72419 32 / fr
    Furthermore, it can be provided that a heating element for feedwater preheating is arranged in the water supply line. In terms of thermal efficiency, it can be provided here that the heating element is designed as a heat exchanger in heat coupling with the synthesis gas feed line-preferably between the first cooling element and the second cooling element in the synthesis gas cooling.
    Further advantages and details of the invention will become apparent from the figures and the associated description of the figures. Showing:
    Fig. 1 shows the thermal interconnection of an internal combustion engine-reformer system according to the invention and
    Fig. 2 shows an example of the embodiment of an evaporator as a heat exchanger in heat coupling with the exhaust pipe.
    FIG. 1 shows the interconnection of an internal combustion engine reformer system. Shown are the main combustion chamber 1, the pre-combustion chamber 2, the passage opening 33 and the reformer 3. The internal combustion engine 30 are supplied via the air supply lines 5 air L, supplied via the fuel supply lines 4 fuel from a fuel reservoir T and supplied via the synthesis gas supply line 6 syngas. The first fuel gas mixer 24 and the second fuel gas mixer 25 mix the first fuel mixture and the second fuel mixture therefrom. The first fuel mixture is supplied to the main combustion chamber 1 via the first mixture line 10, and the second fuel mixture is supplied to the pre-combustion chamber 2 via the second mixture line 10 '. Furthermore, the internal combustion engine 30 has a compressor 26 in the second mixture line 10 ', a turbocharger 27 and an exhaust pipe 9. However, the precise configuration of the internal combustion engine 30 is not important to the present invention, in particular the pre-combustion chamber 2 of the compressor 26, the turbocharger 27 and the second fuel gas mixer 25 are not absolutely necessary.
    The mixing ratios for the first fuel gas mixer 24 and the second fuel gas mixer 25 are determined in the control device 31, which is connected to both fuel gas mixers. Not shown are the 72419 32 / fr
    Connections of the rule or control device 31 with all volume flow control valves 32, since this would be graphically difficult and would not contribute to understanding. It is ever least be his volume flow control valve 32 in the fuel supply line 4, the air supply line 5, the synthesis gas inlet 6, the steam supply line 8 and the Abgasieitung. 9
    From a water reservoir W, water is supplied via a water supply line 7 to an evaporator 20 with the aid of the pump 36. This evaporator 20 can be designed in various ways. Preferred is an embodiment in which the evaporator 20 is designed as a heat exchanger in heat coupling with the exhaust pipe 9 or as a heat exchanger in thermal coupling with the synthesis gas line 6.
    In the water supply line 7, a heating element 23 is arranged for feedwater preheating. This can also be designed as a heat exchanger. In this case, the heating element 23 can then be in thermal coupling with the synthesis gas line 6 between the first cooling element 16 and the second cooling element 17 or in thermal coupling with the first cooling element 16.
    The steam generated in the evaporator 20 is supplied via a steam supply line 8 of the further mixing device 19. Fuel is also supplied via a fuel line 4 to the further mixing device 19. In the further mixing device 19, the second material stream is mixed from steam and fuel and forwarded via the second supply line 12.
    Furthermore, the mixing device 19 in the fuel line 4 is preceded by a preheating element 21, which may be designed as a heat exchanger. In this case, the preheating element may be formed in thermal coupling with the first cooling element 16, with a cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine and / or with the synthesis gas line 6. The refrigeration cycle is not shown because it is well known in the art. Via an air supply line 5 and an exhaust pipe 9 of the further mixing device 18, air and exhaust gas from the internal combustion engine 30 is supplied.
    72419 32 / fr
    From this, the first stream is mixed in the further mixing device 18 and forwarded via the supply line 11.
    The first supply line 11 and the second supply line 12, after they have passed through the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 14, respectively, open into the mixing device 28. A mixture is produced therein, which is supplied to the reformer 3 via the mixture line 29. The leading from the reformer 3 synthesis gas supply line 6 passes through the first heat exchanger 13 and the second heat exchanger 14, wherein a bypass line 22 can be provided as a bypass around the second heat exchanger 14. In addition, in the synthesis gas supply line 6, the synthesis gas cooling 15 is arranged, which consists of the first cooling element 16 and the second cooling element 17.
    With the help of the heating element 34 in the synthesis gas supply line 6 after the synthesis gas cooling, the synthesis gas can be reheated. By the sequence of cooling, water separation, and heating, the relative humidity of the synthesis gas may be cooled on the water-cooled surface.
    In the exhaust pipe 9, a heat exchanger 21 is arranged.
    In this embodiment, a compressor 35 is disposed in the air supply line 5.
    In Figure 2, the embodiment of the evaporator 20 is exemplified as a heat exchanger in thermal coupling with the exhaust pipe 9. Further embodiments in which the evaporator 20, the Vonwärmelement 21, the heating element 23 and the heating element 34 are formed as a heat exchanger in thermal coupling with different streams are not explicitly shown in figures, since the embodiments are obvious to the expert.
    权利要求:
    Claims (20)
    [1]
    :: .. .. *. 72419 32 / fr ♦ ························································································ Patent claims first feed line (11) for a first stream and a second feed line (12) for a second stream, wherein in the mixing device (28) a mixture of first and second stream is produced, - a reformer (3) for reforming the mixture to a Synthesis gas, - a mixture line (29) connected to the mixing device (28) and the reformer (3) and - a synthesis gas feed line (6) connected to the reformer (3) and the internal combustion engine (30), characterized in that in the synthesis gas feed line ( 6) a first heat exchanger (13) in heat coupling with the first supply line (11) and a " " second heat exchanger (14) are heat-coupled to the second supply line (12).
    [2]
    2. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 1, characterized in that the first heat exchanger (13) in series in front of the second heat exchanger (14) is arranged.
    [3]
    3. Internal combustion engine-reformer system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a bypass line (22) is provided which is connected in front of and behind the second heat exchanger (14) with the synthesis gas supply line (6).
    [4]
    4. internal combustion engine reformer system according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the synthesis gas supply line (6) a synthesis gas cooling (15) is arranged.
    [5]
    5. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 4, characterized in that the synthesis gas cooling (15) as a first cooling element (16) and a first cooling element (16) connected in series second cooling element (17) is formed.
    [6]
    6. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the synthesis gas cooling (15) behind the first heat exchanger (13) and the second heat exchanger (14) is connected in series.
    [7]
    7. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the first cooling element (16) and / or the second cooling element (17) comprises a condensation and / or a mist eliminator for separating water.
    [8]
    8. internal combustion engine reformer system according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that in the first supply line (11) in series in front of the first heat exchanger (14), a further mixing device (18) is connected, iwelctTennit elnertuftzuleitung (5) and a Abgasleitung_ (9) 'verbanderr and in which the first stream of air and / or exhaust gas can be produced.
    [9]
    9. internal combustion engine-reformer system according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that in the second supply line (12) in series in front of the second heat exchanger (14), a further mixing device (19) is connected, which with a fuel supply line ( 4) and a steam supply line (8) is connected and in which the second material flow can be produced as a mixture of fuel and steam.
    [10]
    10. internal combustion engine reformer system according to at least one of claims 1 to 9 with an internal combustion engine (30) connected to the exhaust pipe (9), characterized in that a water supply (7) and one with the water supply (7) and the steam supply ( 8) connected evaporator (20) is provided, wherein preferably the heat required for the evaporation of the water heat content of exhaust gas in the exhaust pipe (9) can be fed.

    72419 32 / fr
    [11]
    11. internal combustion engine reformer system according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that a water supply line (7) and with the water supply line (7) and the steam supply line (8) connected evaporator (20) is provided, preferably the required for the evaporation of water heat via heat content of synthesis gas in the synthesis gas supply line (9) can be fed
    [12]
    12. internal combustion engine reformer system according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that in the fuel supply line (4) a preheating element (21) is provided for preheating the fuel.
    [13]
    13. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 12, characterized in that the Vonwärmelement (21) in the fuel supply line (4) as a heat exchanger in heat coupling with the first cooling element (16) of the synthesis gas cooling (15) is formed.
    [14]
    14. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 12 with a cooling circuit line for circulation of a cooling liquid by the internal combustion engine (30), characterized in that the Vonwärmelement (21) in the fuel supply line (4) is designed as a heat exchanger in thermal coupling with the cooling circuit line.
    [15]
    15. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 12, characterized in that the Vonwärmelement (21) in the fuel supply line (4) is designed as a heat exchanger in thermal coupling with the synthesis gas supply line (6).
    [16]
    16. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that in the water supply line (7), a heating element (23) is provided. • · • # «» * 72419 32 / fr · * * · «·
    [17]
    17. internal combustion engine reformer system according to at least one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the heating element (23) as a heat exchanger in thermal coupling with the synthesis gas supply line (6), preferably between the first cooling element (16) and the second cooling element (17 ) of the synthesis gas cooling (15) - is formed.
    [18]
    18. internal combustion engine reformer system according to claim 16, characterized in that the heating element (23) is formed as a heat exchanger in thermal coupling with the through the first cooling element (16) removed heat flow.
    [19]
    19. Internal combustion engine-reformer system according to at least one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that in the synthesis gas supply line (6) in series after the synthesis gas cooling (15), a heating element (34) is arranged.
    [20]
    20. internal combustion engine-refiner system according to at least one of claims 1 to 19, characterized in that in the air supply line (5) and / or in the fuel supply line (4) and / or in the synthesis gas line (6) and / or in the exhaust pipe (9) and / or in the steam supply line (8) and / or in the first supply line (11) and / or in the second supply line (12) at least one flow control valve (32) is arranged. Infisbruck dm 23. Ökteßer ZtM-2
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA1145/2012A|AT513052B1|2012-10-24|2012-10-24|Combustion engine reformer plant|ATA1145/2012A| AT513052B1|2012-10-24|2012-10-24|Combustion engine reformer plant|
    DE102013016443.5A| DE102013016443B4|2012-10-24|2013-10-02|Combustion engine reformer plant|
    US14/049,397| US9140180B2|2012-10-24|2013-10-09|Internal combustion engine reformer installation|
    CN201310553260.7A| CN103775249B|2012-10-24|2013-10-23|Internal combustion engine reformer installation|
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